Are closed-end funds high risk?
Key Takeaways. Closed-end funds operate more like ETFs, in that they trade throughout the day on a stock exchange. Closed-end funds have the ability to use leverage, which can lead to greater risk but also greater rewards.
Closed-end funds that return capital can carry a higher level of risk because the fund is eroding the asset base available to generate income to pay distributions. Some closed-end funds set a specific distribution rate to pay regardless of the income generated by the fund.
Valuation Risk: The market price of a CEF at any point in time is likely to vary from the fund's NAV. The size of any price premium and/or discount could have a significant impact on an investor's return over time.
A closed-end fund's liquidity depends on investor supply and demand, so it can be less liquid than an open-end fund. These funds are also subject to increased volatility because shares can trade above or below their NAV. Another potential drawback is that many closed-end funds use leverage.
A high-risk investment is one for which there is either a large percentage chance of loss of capital or under-performance—or a relatively high chance of a devastating loss.
Disadvantages of close ended funds
These funds do not provide the option of SIPs. SIPs have gained huge popularity over the years and have become a preferred investment mode. Close ended funds do not have this advantage as they require lump sum investment during the NFO.
The Bottom Line
Closed-end funds are funds that only issue shares once. When they are all sold, there are no more available unless an owner decides to sell them. Closed-end funds are generally priced by their net asset value, but prices fluctuate throughout a trading day because they are actively traded.
Closed-end funds are one of two major kinds of mutual funds, alongside open-end funds. Since closed-end funds are less popular, they have to try harder to win your affection. They can make a good investment — potentially even better than open-end funds — if you follow one simple rule: Always buy them at a discount.
Most are seeking solid returns on their investments through the traditional means of capital gains, price appreciation and income potential. The wide variety of closed-end funds on offer and the fact that they are all actively managed (unlike open-ended funds) make closed-end funds an investment worth considering.
Bond Closed-End Funds
Market risk is the risk that interest rates will rise, lowering the value of bonds held in the fund's portfolio. Generally speaking, the longer the remaining maturity of a fund's portfolio securities, the greater the volatility of its NAV due to market risk.
Why would someone invest in a closed-end fund?
Trading Liquidity and Flexibility
Investors can buy or sell closed-end fund shares in real-time during the trading day at prevailing market prices. This flexibility gives investors the ability to make investment decisions using real-time information.
Closed-end funds (“CEFs”) can play an important role in a diversified portfolio as they may offer investors the potential for generating capital growth and income through investment performance and distributions.
Closed-end funds (CEFs) can invest in specialized, less liquid corners of the market where open-end funds may not venture, such as alternative securities, real estate, and private placements. They enable individual investors to gain exposure to assets many could not access any other way.
Fund Name | Category | Risk |
---|---|---|
SBI Conservative Hybrid Fund | Hybrid | High |
LIC MF Gold ETF FoF Fund | Other | High |
ICICI Prudential Bharat Consumption Fund | Equity | High |
Franklin India Dynamic Asset Allocation Fund | Other | High |
- U.S. Treasury Bills, Notes and Bonds. Risk level: Very low. ...
- Series I Savings Bonds. Risk level: Very low. ...
- Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) Risk level: Very low. ...
- Fixed Annuities. ...
- High-Yield Savings Accounts. ...
- Certificates of Deposit (CDs) ...
- Money Market Mutual Funds. ...
- Investment-Grade Corporate Bonds.
- Oil and Gas Exploratory Drilling. ...
- Limited Partnerships. ...
- Penny Stocks. ...
- Alternative Investments. ...
- High-Yield Bonds. ...
- Leveraged ETFs. ...
- Emerging and Frontier Markets. ...
- IPOs. Although many initial public offerings can seem promising, they sometimes fail to deliver what they promise.
You can buy or sell closed-end funds through all types of brokerage firms, including full-service brokers, discount brokers and online brokers. In each case, you pay your brokerage firm a commission for the services provided.
The Bottom Line
CEFs, while costing more because they are mainly actively managed, can trade at a discount to their NAV. Investors looking for standard, safer investment strategies would do well choosing an ETF, whereas investors looking for alpha returns may do better with a CEF.
Investors who own shares when the fund terminates receive a cash payment equal to the NAV per share at that time. This NAV may be higher or lower than what the investor originally paid.
Closed-end fund | Distribution rate at market price as of Dec. 14 |
---|---|
Ecofin Sustainable and Social Impact Term Fund (TEAF) | 9.4% |
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Global Dividend Income Fund (ETG) | 8% |
MFS Investment Grade Municipal Trust (CXH) | 3.6% |
Are closed-end funds riskier than mutual funds?
Closed-end funds are considered a riskier choice because most use leverage. That is, they invest using borrowed money in order to multiply their potential returns.
A closed-end fund holds an IPO at launch and the money raised from that IPO is used by portfolio managers to buy securities. Even though they have been traded in the US for over a century, closed-end funds (CEFs) are not well understood.
Leverage is the secret sauce that allows many closed-end funds to pay much higher dividends than similar conventional mutual funds or ETFs. Leverage works great as long as the spread between short- and long-term rates doesn't shrink too much.
Many CEFs are designed with the primary goal of providing income. Income-focused CEFs pay out monthly or quarterly dividends, potentially providing an attractive stream of income to investors. Investors can choose to receive dividend payments or have them reinvested in the fund through a dividend reinvestment program.
Closed-end funds work similarly, as their shares trade on secondary markets rather than directly through the fund company and thus have a three-day settlement period.
References
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/monthly_income_plan.asp
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/10-most-heavily-traded-etfs-153600345.html
- https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0512/low-vs.-high-risk-investments-for-beginners.aspx
- https://www.abrdn.com/en-us/cefinvestorcenter/insights-thinking-aloud/article-page/key-advantages-of-closed-end-funds
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-growth-funds-to-buy-and-hold
- https://www.nuveen.com/en-us/insights/closed-end-funds/closed-end-funds-structures
- https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/is-the-sp-500-all-you-need-to-retire-a-millionaire-12
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/12-yielding-etf-pays-large-163748797.html
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/etf-vs-stocks
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/forex/033015/10-riskiest-investments.asp
- https://www.investors.com/etfs-and-funds/etfs/does-it-matter-when-you-buy-or-sell-an-etf/
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/etfs-to-build-a-diversified-portfolio
- https://www.marketwatch.com/tools/top-25-etfs
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/insights-nuveen/2018/09/18/closed-end-funds-a-better-alternative/
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/invested-1000-p-global-decade-133005715.html
- https://m.economictimes.com/mf/analysis/top-dynamic-bond-funds-offer-over-7-in-2023-dsp-strategic-bond-fund-offers-7-92/articleshow/106562355.cms
- https://www.etmoney.com/mutual-funds/debt
- https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/3-ways-to-build-all-etf-portfolio
- https://etfdb.com/compare/dividend-yield/
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/genius-ways-1-000-month-105500970.html
- https://www.ssga.com/us/en/intermediary/etfs/capabilities/spdr-core-equity-etfs/spy-sp-500
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/exchangetradedfunds/09/etf-out-of-business.asp
- https://etfdb.com/themes/vanguard-dividend-etfs/
- https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/etf-vs-mutual-fund-it-depends-on-your-strategy
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/best-index-funds/
- https://www.benjaminfedwards.com/important-disclosures/characteristics-and-risks-of-closed-end-funds/
- https://www.etf.com/etf-education-center/etf-basics/spy-etf-everything-you-need-know
- https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/heres-what-makes-the-sp-500-spy-etf-an-attractive-investment
- https://www.fool.com/investing/how-to-invest/index-funds/safest-index-funds/
- https://stockanalysis.com/etf/provider/
- https://www.moneycontrol.com/mf/etf/
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/closed-endinvestment.asp
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032415/which-investments-have-highest-historical-returns.asp
- https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/how-far-will-%24100-per-month-go-by-investing-in-the-sp-500
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/brettowens/2023/12/12/7-massive-monthly-dividends-yielding-up-to-18/
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-high-dividend-mutual-funds
- https://groww.in/mutual-funds/top/best-high-risk-mutual-funds
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/15-biggest-mutual-fund-companies-121318637.html
- https://www.investopedia.com/top-5-etfs-of-2023-8400437
- https://www.fidelity.com/learning-center/investment-products/etf/risks-with-etfs
- https://www.titan.com/articles/etf-drawbacks
- https://www.columbiathreadneedleus.com/investment-products/closed-end-funds/understanding-closed-end-funds
- https://time.com/personal-finance/article/open-end-vs-closed-end-funds/
- https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/buying-stocks/articles/heres-what-happens-when-you-only-invest-in-sp-500-etfs/
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/top-hedge-funds/
- https://www.indmoney.com/mutual-funds/best-index-funds
- https://www.statista.com/statistics/269928/assets-under-management-of-the-largest-etf-providers-in-the-us/
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-paying-closed-end-funds
- https://investor.vanguard.com/investment-products/etfs/profile/voo
- https://www.policybazaar.com/life-insurance/investment-plans/articles/monthly-income-plans-to-invest/
- https://www.fool.com/investing/2023/12/06/better-growth-vehicle-invesco-qqq-trust-or-vanguar/
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-monthly-dividend-stocks-to-buy-now
- https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/pros-and-cons-of-investing-in-etfs/
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/033015/whats-difference-between-index-fund-and-etf.asp
- https://www.morningstar.hk/hk/news/119201/four-simple-rules-when-buying-(or-selling)-an-etf.aspx
- https://www.fidelity.com/learning-center/investment-products/closed-end-funds/what-are-closed-end-funds
- https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/career-map/sell-side/capital-markets/index-investing/
- https://etfdb.com/compare/market-cap/
- https://www.marketwatch.com/tools/top-25-mutual-funds
- https://www.blackrock.com/us/individual/education/closed-end-funds/insights/reasons-to-use-closed-end-funds
- https://www.etftrends.com/tactical-allocation-channel/decade-of-dominance-the-etf-that-quietly-beats-the-sp-500/
- https://www.finra.org/investors/insights/opening-up-closed-end-funds
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/mutualfund/05/introtoclosed.asp
- https://www.robomarkets.com/blog/stock-market/top-stocks/top-10-monthly-dividend-stocks/
- https://dividenddetective.com/closed_end_funds.htm
- https://www.fool.com/investing/2022/02/12/should-index-funds-be-your-only-investment/
- https://money.com/etf-vs-index-fund/
- https://www.fool.com/knowledge-center/mutual-fund-settlement-rules.aspx
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/best-performing-mutual-funds
- https://www.fool.com/investing/2023/11/30/1-warren-buffett-index-fund-turn-450-into-930000/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/mutualfund/05/etfindexfund.asp
- https://www.fool.com/investing/stock-market/types-of-stocks/growth-stocks/growth-etf/
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/etf-vs-index-fund-compare
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/how-to-buy-sp-500-index-fund/
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/best-low-risk-investments/
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/best-mutual-funds/
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-etfs-to-buy-for-long-term-investors
- https://www.trackinsight.com/en/education/how-many-etfs-should-you-own
- https://www.ici.org/cef/background/bro_g2_ce
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/how-to-invest-in-sp500
- https://www.nuveen.com/en-us/insights/closed-end-funds/investing-in-closed-end-funds
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/what-is-a-closed-end-fund
- https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0712/closed-end-vs.-open-end-funds.aspx
- https://etfdb.com/compare/highest-ytd-returns/
- https://www.fisdom.com/close-ended-funds/
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/smart-etfs-for-low-risk-investors
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/052615/what-difference-between-exchange-traded-funds-etfs-and-closed-end-funds.asp
- https://www.ii.co.uk/analysis-commentary/top-10-most-purchased-etfs-september-2023-ii529344
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/11-best-performing-etfs-last-114437606.html
- https://www.morningstar.com/stocks/10-best-dividend-stocks
- https://www.franklintempleton.com/planning-and-learning/learn-about-investing/investing-basics/understanding-closed-end-funds